A multiscale LBM–TPM–PFM approach for modeling of multiphase fluid flow in fractured porous media

In this paper, we present a reliable micro-to-macroscale framework to model multiphase fluid flow through fractured porous media. This is based on utilizing the capabilities of lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) within phase-field modeling (PFM) fractures in this, propose new physically motivated phase-field-dependent relationships for residual saturation, intrinsic as well relative permeabilities. addition, an anisotropic, permeability tensor domains formulated, which relies single- and multiphasic LBM simulations. Based these results, variation macroscopic theory media (TPM)–PFM parameters transition zone are proposed. Whereby, multiscale concept coupling between crack one hand ambient, other hand, achieved. The hybrid numerically applied real microgeometry media, extracted via X-ray microcomputed tomography data Berea Sandstone. Moreover, utilized calculation leak-off from intact zones. Additionally, effects depth orientation channels amount leakage rates studied. outcomes numerical proved reliability simulate